Definisi2 untuk MAP 2 by Cathelya 15407049

Planning process :
Regulation and control of an area of development when it under goes change and development.
Specific steps taken and methods used to gather information, interpret it and produce a plan for rational decision-making.

Urban planning process :
the integration of the disciplines of land use planning, transport planning, to explore a very wide range of aspects of the built and social environments of urbanized municipalities and communities. Regional planning deals with a still larger environment, at a less detailed level

Regional planning process :
a branch of land use planning and deals with the efficient placement of land use activities, infrastructure and settlement growth across a significantly larger area of land than an individual city or town. The related field of urban planning deals with the specific issues of city planning. Both concepts are encapsulated in spatial planning using a eurocentric definition.

Quantitative analysis :
Stock analysis that uses numerical information and numerical techniques such as DCF analysis to determine value.
The use of statistical techniques to understand quantitative data and to identify relationships between and among variables.

Qualitative analysis :
Non-numeric formative or summative analysis of data gleaned through interviews, case studies, focus groups, etc. Observation and analysis of chronology, key events, settings, people, processes, and issues.

Factor Analysis :
Factor analysis is a multi-variate statistical process that relates a multitude of variables to common basic dimensions based on their mutual correlative relationships
A statistical method for analyzing the intercorrelations among various measures or test scores; clusters of measures or scores that are highly correlated are assumed to measure the same underlying trait or ability (factor).

Cluster Analysis :
the assignment of objects into groups (called clusters) so that objects from the same cluster are more similar to each other than objects from different clusters. Often similarity is assessed according to a distance measure.
An analytical technique that arranges research data into mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive groups (or clusters) where the contents of each cluster are similar to each other, but different to the other clusters in the analysis.


Hierarchical Analysis :
An organization or 'clustering' of elements that best describes the relationships between them. A tree diagram or dendrogram is frequently used to represent the results of a cluster analysis, with cases of greatest similarity being adjacent to each other.

Forecasting :
the process of estimation in unknown situations. prediction is a similar, but more general term. Both can refer to estimation of time series, cross-sectional or longitudinal data. Usage can differ between areas of application: for example in hydrology, the terms "forecast" and "forecasting" are sometimes reserved for estimates of values at certain specific future times, while the term "prediction" is used for more general estimates, such as the number of times floods will occur over a long period. Risk and uncertainity are central to forecasting and prediction. Forecasting is used in the practice of Customer Demand Planning in every day business forecasting for manufacturing companies. The discipline of demand planning, also sometimes referred to as supply chain forecasting, embraces both statistical forecasting and a consensus process.

Causality Analysis :
An analysis to find causes that you can treat rather than treating symptoms (which, as all doctors know, seldom effects a lasting cure). A root cause is the basic reason why something happens and can be quite distant from the original effect.
A method for analyzing the possible causal associations among a set of variables.
A form of exposition in which a writer analyzes reasons for an action, event, or decision, or analyzes its consequences

Time Series :
a sequence of data points, measured typically at successive times, spaced at (often uniform) time intervals. Time series analysis comprises methods that attempt to understand such time series, often either to understand the underlying context of the data points (where did they come from? what generated them?), or to make forecasts (predictions). Time series forecasting is the use of a model to forecast future events based on known past events: to forecast future data points before they are measured.

Decision Theory :
In mathematics and statistics is concerned with identifying the values, uncertainties and other issues relevant in a given decision and the resulting optimal decision.
Several statistical tools and methods are available to organize evidence, evaluate risks, and aid in decision making. The risks of Type I and type II errors can be quantified (estimated probability, cost, expected value, etc) and rational decision making is improved.